 |
January-June 2015 Volume 38 | Issue 1 & 2
Page Nos. 1-53
Online since Friday, August 14, 2015
Accessed 34,135 times.
PDF access policy Journal allows immediate open access to content in HTML + PDF
EPub access policy Full text in EPub is free except for the current issue. Access to the latest issue is reserved only for the paid subscribers.
|
| |
|
Show all abstracts Show selected abstracts Add to my list |
|
EDITORIAL |
|
|
|
Editorial |
p. 1 |
Pushparaja DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162814 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
 |
|
|
 |
Dose assessment to public due to exposure to natural radioactivity at the Bibiani gold mine |
p. 2 |
Alex Twesigye, Emmanuel Ofori Darko, Augustine Faanu, Cyril Schandorf DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162818 Studies have been carried out to assess exposure of the public due to natural radioactivity associated with soil, tailing and water at the Bibiani gold mine in Ghana. Concentrations of radionuclides in samples were determined by γ-ray spectrometry using high purity germanium detector. Gross-α and gross-β activity concentrations were also determined for the water samples using a low background gas-less automatic α/β counter. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K in soil/tailing samples were 16.1 ± 3.6, 16.6 ± 6.0 and 380 ± 15 bq/kg, respectively. The mean activity concentrations in water samples were 0.20 ± 0.04, 0.38 ± 0.03 and 3.05 ± 0.11 Bq/L for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively. The total annual effective dose to the public was estimated to be 0.125 mSv. The radium equivalent activity, internal hazard index, and external hazard index for all soil/tailing samples are lower than the accepted safety limit value of 370 Bq/kg and 1.0 respectively. The gross-α and gross-β activity concentrations for the water samples were below the World Health Organisation recommended guideline values for drinking water quality. The results indicate an insignificant radiation exposure to the public. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (1) ] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Measurement of natural radioactivity in rock samples using gamma ray spectrometry |
p. 11 |
Mohd Zubair DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162820 Natural radioactivity due to 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the rock samples collected from Dhanbad city of Jharkhand, India was measured using gamma-ray spectrometry. The concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the studied rock samples range from below the detection limit to 3.08 Bq/kg, 5.35-37.39 Bq/kg and 168.8-416.9 Bq/kg, respectively. The concentrations of these radionuclides are compared with the recommended values. To evaluate the radiological impact of the natural radioactivity, the radium equivalent activity, the annual effective dose rate, the values of both external and internal indices and the gamma index were estimated and compared with the internationally acceptable values. |
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (4) ] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Estimation of annual effective dose rate due to the ingestion of the primordial radionuclide 40K for the population around the Kalpakkam nuclear site, Tamil Nadu, India |
p. 14 |
Pew Basu, R Sarangapani, K Sivasubramanian, B Venkatraman DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162827 A study was carried out to estimate the ingestion dose for the general population residing around Kalpakkam nuclear site due to 40K activity in the fresh and cooked food samples collected from the surrounding areas. For the estimation of specific activity of 40K, food samples consisting of 31 numbers of market basket samples (MBS) and 33 numbers of duplicate diet samples (DDS) were collected, conditioned, and analyzed by gamma spectrometry. The annual effective dose (AED) received by the population was estimated based on 40K activity in the food samples, food consumption data, and ICRP model. Uncertainty associated with the estimates was quantified based on the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement framework approach. The 40K specific activity in MBS ranged from 10.44 ± 1.11 to 129.00 ± 13.64 Bq/kg fresh weight. Similarly, the 40K specific activity in DDS ranged from 10.85 ± 1.10 to 60.71 ± 6.15 Bq/kg fresh weight. The AED due to the ingestion of 40K estimated based on MBS was 93.81 ± 7.30 μSv/year. Similarly, the AED due to the ingestion of 40K estimated based on DDS was 33.47 ± 0.79 μSv/year among males and 26.31 ± 0.62 μSv/year among females.
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (7) ] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Assessments of natural radioactivity and the estimation of heavy metals in commonly consumed milk in Oke-Ogun area, Nigeria |
p. 23 |
Augustine Kolapo Ademola, Morounfolu A Olaoye, Peter O Abodunrin DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162828 Ten samples each of the eight commonly consumed powdered milk by adults were collected from local markets in Oke-Ogun area, Nigeria and analyzed using gamma ray spectrometer with NaI(Tl) detector for radioactive analysis and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for heavy metal analysis (Pb, Fe, Cd and Cu). The mean activity concentration detected is that of 40K with average of 39.6 Bqkg-1 while the activities of 226Ra and 232Th were below detection limit (BDL). The total annual effective dose due to the ingestion of radionuclide in the milk sample was estimated to be 3.2 µSvy-1. The geometric mean of Pb, Cd, Fe and Cu in the samples were found to be 0.024, 0.033, 2.168 and 0.242 mgkg-1, respectively and the annual daily dose estimated were 0.1490, 0.010, 0.0002 and 0.0003 mgday-1, respectively. The results of the hazard index revealed that the intake of heavy metal through ingestion of the milk samples did not exceeds the limit of unity as recommended by USEPA, 2002. Therefore, the consumption of these milk samples is safe.
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K activity concentration in some vegetables consumed in Jordan, and resultant annual ingestion effective dose |
p. 29 |
Eman Al-Absi, Tariq Al-Abdullah, Hayel Shehadeh, Jamal AI-Jundi DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162819 The activity concentrations of the naturally occurring nuclides 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K were determined in vegetable crops largely consumed by people in Jordan. Samples of potatoes, tomatoes, cucumber, radish, spinach, and cabbage were collected from several markets in the capital Amman. The activity concentrations in Bq/kg of 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K were measured by the gamma-ray spectroscopy using the high purity germanium detector. The ranges of the activity concentration of 226Ra, 228Ra and 40K in the chosen vegetables were found to be 7.1–11.7 Bq/kg, nondetectable - 3.3 Bq/kg, and 201–684 Bq/kg, respectively. The daily intake of 40K was the highest among the radioisotopes measured, but it was lower than the intake in other countries. The estimated total annual effective dose resulting from the ingestion of the above-mentioned vegetable samples is 51.56 µSv/y according to the measured activity concentration of 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K. 226Ra was the highest contributor to the total annual effective dose (23.98 μSv/y).
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (4) ] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Natural radioactivity concentrations in some medicinal plants and annual committed effective dose from their consumption |
p. 35 |
Shaban Ramadan Mohamed Harb DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162816 Natural radioactive substances may be present in the environmental substances that have uses in pharmacy and medicine as health supplements. This paper presents natural radioactivity levels in some of the medicinal plants available in Egypt. Natural radionuclides such as 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K were measured in medicinal plants samples collected from the local market in Qena, Upper Egypt. All measurements were performed with a gamma spectrometry with high-purity germanium detector. The radioactivity concentration ranged from 0.4 ± 0.2 to 21.0 ± 1.2 Bq/kg for 226Ra, from <0.3 to 42.3 ± 5.9 Bq/kg for 228Ra, and from 140 ± 6 Bq/kg to 1538 ± 54 Bq/kg for 40K. The total annual committed effective doses ranged from 0.003 to 0.073 mSvy−1 with an average value of 0.02 mSva−1
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (3) ] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Evaluation of alkali fusion and acid leaching methods for the determination of insoluble plutonium and americium in fecal samples |
p. 39 |
Nanda Raveendran, DD Rao, A Baburajan, JR Yadav DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162815 Monitoring of radiation workers of fuel reprocessing plant and fuel fabrication facility for internal contamination is carried out by analyzing their urine and fecal samples. Assessment of intake is made from these results using standard biokinetic and dosimetric models. In the analysis of fecal samples, there is a need for improvement in the pretreatment technique for complete dissolution of the sample. Conventional alkali fusion method has yielded recovery of plutonium in the range of 12–60% with a mean of 36%. Newly adopted acid leaching followed by hydrogen fluoride treatment method achieved recovery in the range of 43 to 90% with a mean of 70%. Conventionally, the separation of "Pu" and "Am" was carried out at Bioassay Lab., Tarapur by alkali fusion followed by the anion exchange separation for Pu and cation exchange separation for Am. This paper deals with an alternative method in which initially the entire ash of the sample spiked with 236Pu tracer (3–11 mBq) and 243Am tracer (2.8–14.5 mBq) was acid leached and Pu was separated by anion exchange method and Am by using TRU resin.
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Citations (1) ] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
Motion management of lung tumors: A retrospective analysis to see dosimetric differences in different respiratory phases |
p. 45 |
Pramod Kumar Sharma, Laishram Suchitra, Roopam Srivastava, Manish Chomal, Gagan Saini, Anusheel Munshi, Jayanand Manjhi, DV Rai DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162821 To study the effect of respiration (end expiration [EE] and end inspiration [EI]) on tumor and normal structure doses and volumes in carcinoma lung. Five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung were selected for this retrospective study. Computerized tomography (CT) data set was subsequently obtained for all patients in EE and EI phases of the respiratory cycle. Gross tumor volume, clinical target volume, planning target volume (PTV) and organs at risk were delineated in both EE and EI on CT data sets. Prescribed dose was 60 Gy in 30 fractions for all patients. The PTV coverage and organs at risks (OARs) were evaluated using radiation therapy oncology group conformity indices (CI) and homogeneity indices (HI) and volume doses respectively. The CI and HI were comparable for both phases. Volumes of all OARs were comparable except the lung. OAR doses were almost same in both phases. Significantly higher normal lung volume was found in the EI phase. Based on our dosimetric data and statistical analysis we conclude that both EE and EI are dosimetrically comparable.
|
[ABSTRACT] [HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
LETTER TO THE EDITOR |
 |
|
|
|
Use of android smartphone as an add-on device to the at-home image viewer system with other medical imaging softwares |
p. 50 |
Sankaran Ananthanarayanan DOI:10.4103/0972-0464.162817 |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
NEWS AND INFORMATION |
 |
|
|
|
New ICRP publications |
p. 52 |
Pushparaja |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
OBITUARY |
 |
|
|
|
The unique personality of A.P.J. Abdul Kalam |
p. 53 |
RM Iyer |
[HTML Full text] [PDF] [Mobile Full text] [EPub] [Sword Plugin for Repository]Beta |
|
|
|
|
|